Point of Contact: McDonald, Brian E-mail: brian.mcdonald@noaa.gov Phone: (303) 497-5094 NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL), Boulder, CO -----------------Update: 2023 April 21----------------------------------------- Monthly onroad gasoline and onroad diesel emissions for a 1km x 1km domain covering the Denver area in 2019 have been added. These are located under the onroad gasoline and onroad diesel folders in a folder named "Denver_1km". Shapefiles describing both the native 4km CONUS domain and the 1km Denver domain have been added to the "Domain_Shapefiles" folder. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- An update to FIVE onroad gasoline and FIVE onroad diesel was made on Jan 28, 2022. This update fixes an error that affected urban emissions in the previous versions of the files. Please download the updated version. Below the annual change to emissions associated with the update are listed, relative to the previously posted files. The magnitude of the change is approximately the same for all species. The magnitude of the change can be more variable month-to-month. Please contact Brian McDonald with any further questions regarding this. Onroad Gasoline ----------------- 2018: -0.2% 2019: -2% 2020COVID: +2% 2020BAU: -2% Onroad Diesel ----------------- 2018: +0.6% 2019: -4% 2020COVID: -4% 2020BAU: -4% Fuel-Based Inventory for Vehicle Emissions ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The on-road inventory is developed in a 4 km x 4 km US grid using US Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) data, including taxable fuel sales (Highway Statistics 2018, Highway Statistics 2019) and traffic spatial distrubution (Highway Performance Monitoring System 2018), following the methodology developed in McDonald et al. (2014). The off-road inventory is developed at the same resolution, utilizing gasoline consumption estimates from the FHWA (Highway Statistics 2018, Highway Statistics 2019) and diesel consumption estimates from the Energy Information Administration (EIA), which are distributed using the spatial surrogates from the National Emissions Inventory 2011. Off-road sources included in the off-road inventory are two- and four-stroke gasoline engines (e.g., lawn equipment, generators, forklifts, recreational vehicles, watercraft) and heavy equipment diesel engines (e.g., agricultural, construction, other industrial/commercial engines). Fuel consumption from aviation, locomotives, and commercial marine vessels are not included. 2020 COVID-19 gasoline and diesel consumption scaling factors are calculated using fuel sales information from the US Energy Information Administration's (EIA) prime supplier sales volume report. COVID-19 fuel sales scaling factors are calculated at a Petroleum Administration for Defense District (PADD) level. On-road fuel scaling factors are downscaled to a state-level using FHWA's Traffic Volume Trends report. Off-road fuel scaling factors are left at a PADD-level. The on-road fuel-based emission factors used to calculate emissions have been described by several studies (Hassler et al., 2016; McDonald et al. 2012, 2013, 2018a, 2018b). Off-road fuel-based emission factors have also been described in several studies (McDonald et al., 2015, 2018a, 2018b). Emissions estimates are provided in netCDF format and projected on the standard NEI continental US model grid. Emissions estimates for all reported species are in metric tons/hr, except for individual VOC species (those with names formatted as HC##) which are provided in moles/hr. Files are separated representative days of weekdays, Saturdays, and Sundays for each month. Emissions for a given day are provided as two separate 12-hour files in UTC time. Mapping of hydrocarbon species in our inventory onto the SAPRC Mechanism are below: Bin SAPRC -------------- HC01 CH4 HC02 ALK1 HC03 ALK2 HC04 ALK3 HC05 ALK4 HC06 ALK5 HC07 ETHENE HC08 OLE1 HC09 OLE2 HC10 ISOPRENE HC11 TRP1 HC12 ARO1 HC13 ARO2 HC14 HCHO HC15 CCHO HC16 RCHO HC17 BALD HC18 ACET HC19 MEK HC20 PROD2 HC21 MEOH HC22 GLY HC23 MGLY HC24 BACL HC25 PHEN HC26 CRES HC27 METHACRO HC28 MVK HC29 ISOPROD HC30 HCOOH HC31 CCO_OH HC32 RCO_OH HC33 XYLENEOLS HC34 CATECHOLS HC35 NVOL HC36 PROPYLENE HC37 ACETYLENE HC38 BENZENE HC39 BUTANES HC40 PENTANES HC41 TOLUENE HC42 M-XYLENE HC43 O-XYLENE HC44 P-XYLENE HC45 PROPANE HC46 DIENES HC47 STYRENES HC48 ETHANOL HC49 ETEG HC50 UCM Mapping of particulate species in our inventory onto the SAPRC Mechanism are below: Bin SAPRC -------------- PM01 PMFINE PM02 PSO4 PM03 PNO3 PM04 POC PM05 PEC PM06 PNCOM PM07 PNH4 PM08 PAL PM09 PCA PM10 PFE PM11 PH2O PM12 PMG PM13 PMOTHR PM14 PK PM15 PMN PM16 PCL PM17 PNA PM18 PTI PM19 PSI For more information see: 1. Harkins, C., McDonald, B. C., Henze, D. K., & Wiedinmyer, C. (2021). A fuel-based method for updating mobile source emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Environmental Research Letters. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac0660 2. Hassler, B., McDonald, B. C., Frost, G. J., Borbon, A., Carslaw, D. C., Civerolo, K., Granier, C., Monks, P. S., Monks, S., Parrish, D. D., Pollack, I. B., Rosenlof, K. H., Ryerson, T. B., von Schneidemesser, E., & Trainer, M. (2016). Analysis of long-term observations of NOx and CO in megacities and application to constraining emissions inventories. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(18), 9920–9930. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL069894 3. McDonald, B. C., Dallmann, T. R., Martin, E. W., & Harley, R. A. (2012). Long-term trends in nitrogen oxide emissions from motor vehicles at national, state, and air basin scales. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 117(D21). https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD018304 4. McDonald, B. C., Gentner, D. R., Goldstein, A. H., & Harley, R. A. (2013). Long-Term Trends in Motor Vehicle Emissions in U.S. Urban Areas. Environmental Science & Technology, 47(17), 10022–10031. https://doi.org/10.1021/es401034z 5. McDonald, B. C., McBride, Z. C., Martin, E. W., & Harley, R. A. (2014). High-resolution mapping of motor vehicle carbon dioxide emissions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 119(9), 5283–5298. https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JD021219 6. McDonald, B. C., Goldstein, A. H., & Harley, R. A. (2015). Long-Term Trends in California Mobile Source Emissions and Ambient Concentrations of Black Carbon and Organic Aerosol. Environmental Science & Technology, 49(8), 5178–5188. https://doi.org/10.1021/es505912b 7. McDonald, B. C., McKeen, S. A., Cui, Y. Y., Ahmadov, R., Kim, S.-W., Frost, G. J., Pollack, I. B., Peischl, J., Ryerson, T. B., Holloway, J. S., Graus, M., Warneke, C., Gilman, J. B., de Gouw, J. A., Kaiser, J., Keutsch, F. N., Hanisco, T. F., Wolfe, G. M., & Trainer, M. (2018a). Modeling Ozone in the Eastern U.S. using a Fuel-Based Mobile Source Emissions Inventory. Environmental Science & Technology, 52(13), 7360–7370. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b00778 8. McDonald, B. C., de Gouw, J. A., Gilman, J. B., Jathar, S. H., Akherati, A., Cappa, C. D., Jimenez, J. L., Lee-Taylor, J., Hayes, P. L., McKeen, S. A., Cui, Y. Y., Kim, S.-W., Gentner, D. R., Isaacman-VanWertz, G., Goldstein, A. H., Harley, R. A., Frost, G. J., Roberts, J. M., Ryerson, T. B., & Trainer, M. (2018b). Volatile chemical products emerging as largest petrochemical source of urban organic emissions. Science, 359(6377), 760. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaq0524